Clinicopathological profile and anaesthetic considerations in patients undergoing surgical management of orthopaedic bone tumours: a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i2.2814Keywords:
Orthopaedic bone tumours, Osteosarcoma, Giant cell tumour, Metastatic bone disease, AnaesthesiaAbstract
Background
Orthopaedic bone tumours comprise benign, primary malignant, and metastatic lesions whose surgical management requires integration of clinicopathological diagnosis with anaesthetic planning.
Objectives
To describe the clinicopathological profile, surgical procedures, anaesthetic techniques, intraoperative concerns, and early postoperative outcomes among patients undergoing surgery for orthopaedic bone tumours.
Methods
This hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Government Medical College and Government General Hospital, Rajanna Sircilla, Telangana, India, from December 2025 to April 2026. One hundred consecutive eligible patients undergoing surgery for suspected or histopathologically confirmed bone tumours were included. Demographic, clinicopathological, operative, anaesthetic, blood-loss, transfusion, haemodynamic, and postoperative variables were analysed descriptively.
Results
The mean age was 34.8 ± 18.6 years; 58 (58.0%) patients were male. Pain was reported by 86 (86.0%), swelling by 62 (62.0%), and restricted movement by 38 (38.0%). The femur was involved in 34 (34.0%) cases. Benign tumours accounted for 46 (46.0%), primary malignant tumours for 34 (34.0%), and metastatic lesions for 20 (20.0%). General anaesthesia was used in 56 (56.0%), regional anaesthesia in 20 (20.0%), and combined techniques in 24 (24.0%). Blood loss exceeded 500 mL in 32 (32.0%), 30 (30.0%) required transfusion, and 18 (18.0%) developed intraoperative hypotension. Rescue analgesia was required in 28 (28.0%), postoperative nausea and vomiting occurred in 12 (12.0%), wound complications in 8 (8.0%), intensive care admission in 2 (2.0%), and re-exploration in 1 (1.0%). No perioperative deaths occurred.
Conclusion
Bone tumour surgery demonstrated substantial clinicopathological and procedural heterogeneity. Anticipated bleeding, transfusion preparedness, haemodynamic monitoring, multimodal analgesia, and selective critical-care surveillance were the principal anaesthetic considerations.
Recommendations
Multidisciplinary planning, preoperative optimisation, blood-conservation measures, and protocol-based analgesia should form institutional perioperative pathways.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Radhika Chendragiri, Dr.Annam Sadhana, Dr. Kandukuri Arun
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