ASSESSMENT OF PAIN AND FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.

Indranil  Dey; Satotsna  Patra; Samir  Golder; Pritiranjan  Patra

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i3.1654

Authors

Indranil Dey Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Hi-tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Satotsna Patra Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Hi-tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Samir Golder Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Institue of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital-II, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Pritiranjan Patra Orthopedic Specialist, DHH, Jharsuguda, Odisha, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i3.1654

Keywords:

Knee osteoarthritis, pain, functional disability, quality of life, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)

Abstract

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that leads to pain, stiffness, and functional limitations, significantly affecting quality of life. Knee OA, the most prevalent form, impacts multiple joint structures and causes progressive disability. Understanding the relationship between pain, functional impairment, and quality of life is crucial for effective management. This study assesses the correlation among knee osteoarthritis, pain, functional impairment, and overall quality of life.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted at Hi-tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar (2020–2022) with 800 participants aged 50–65 years diagnosed with unilateral knee OA. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), functional disability with the WOMAC index, and quality of life using the SF-36 survey. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, with Pearson correlation applied to assess associations between pain, functional disability, and quality of life (p < 0.05).

Results

Among 800 knee osteoarthritis patients (70% females, mean age 56.82 ± 4.75 years), the mean pain intensity (VAS) was 5.42 ± 1.09, and the total WOMAC score was 56.89 ± 8.47. Pain and functional disability showed a significant correlation (r = 0.285, p = 0.01), and higher disability was associated with lower quality of life (PCS: r = 0.595, MCS: r = 0.415, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Greater pain and functional disability significantly reduce the quality of life in knee OA patients. Effective pain and disability management strategies are essential for improving patient well-being.

Recommendation

Integrated management approaches focusing on both pain relief and functional rehabilitation are recommended to enhance the quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Author Biographies

Satotsna Patra, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Hi-tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

, (

Samir Golder, Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Institue of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital-II, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

(

References

Felson DT, Lawrence RC, Dieppe PA, et al. Osteoarthritis: new insights. Part 1: The disease and its risk factors. Ann Intern Med. 2000; 133:635-46. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-8-200010170-00016

Fautrel B, Hilliquin P, Rozenberg S, et al. Impact of OA: results of a nationwide survey of 10,000 patients consulting for OA. Joint Bone Spine. 2005; 72:235-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2004.08.009

Fransen M, McConnell S, Harmer AR, Van der Esch M, Simic M, Bennell KL. Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015; Issue 1. Art. No: CD004376. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004376.pub3. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004376.pub3

Alshami A. Knee osteoarthritis-related pain: a narrative review of diagnosis and treatment. Int J Health Sci. 2014;8(1):85-104. https://doi.org/10.12816/0006075

Odole AC, Ogunlana MO, Adegoke BOA, Ojonima F, Useh U. Depression, pain, and physical function in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: implications for interprofessional care. Niger J Med Rehabil. 2015;18(1):1-16. Available from: http://www.njmr.org.ng https://doi.org/10.34058/njmr.v18i1.120

WHOQOL Group. The World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL): position paper from the World Health Organization. Soc Sci Med. 1995;41(10):1403-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00112-K

Cella DF, Tusky DS. Measuring quality of life today: methodological aspects. Oncology. 1990;5:29-38.

Revicki DA. Health-related quality of life in the evaluation of medical therapy for chronic illness. J Fam Pract. 1989;29(4):377-80.

Altman R, Asch E, Bloch D, Bole G, Borenstein D, Brandt K, Christy W, Cooke TD, Greenwald R, Hochberg M, Howell D. Development of criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis: classification of osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthritis Rheum. 1986;29(8):1039-49. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780290816

McConnell S, Kolopack P, Davis AM. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC): a review of its utility and measurement properties. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;45:453-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/1529-0131(200110)45:5<453::AID-ART365>3.0.CO;2-W

Bellamy N, Buchanan WW, Goldsmith CH, et al. Validation study of WOMAC: a health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient-relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. J Rheumatol. 1988;15:1833-40.

Kawano M, Araújo IL, Castro MC, Matos MA. Assessment of quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Acta Ortop Bras. 2015;23(6):307-10. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220152306150596

Hootman JM, Macera CA, Ham SA, Helmick CG, Sniezek JE. Physical activity levels among the general US adult population and in adults with and without arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2003;49(1):129-35. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.10911

Steultjens MP, Dekker J, Bijlsma JW. Avoidance of activity and disability in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: the mediating role of muscle strength. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46(7):1784-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.10383

Walankar P, Jain A. Correlation between balance, fear of fall, and quality of life in osteoarthritis knee. Sch J App Med Sci. 2017;5(7B):2621-4.